多层级视角下京津冀科技创新政策府际关系研究

府际关系协调有利于实现创新资源、要素的有效汇聚与整合，进而提升政策有效性。以京津冀为例，构建中央-地方多层级府际关系模型，分析中央政策主体合作网络特征与政策扩散特征、地方政策主体合作网络特征与政策执行特征的相关性。研究发现，中央政府部门间形成了以科技部为核心的核心—边缘网络结构特征；北京市政府部门间呈现出以中关村科技管理委员会为核心的核心-边缘网络结构特征；天津市政府部门间呈现出以天津市科学技术委员会为核心的星型网络结构特征；河北省则没有形成稳定的网络关系。中央政策主体合作网络中的度中心性与政策扩散广度具有相关性；地方政策主体合作网络中介中心性、度中心性与政策执行强度具有相关性。     

Time-Varying Relationship between Inflation and Inflation Uncertainty

This paper investigates whether the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty has changed and whether the change in this relationship has been gradual or abrupt. We extend the time-varying parameter with stochastic volatility in mean model (TVP-SVM) to include a mixture innovation disturbance in the time-varying parameter process. The proposed model produces more reliable estimates and allows us to investigate the occurrence of breaks in the gradually evolving process of the time varying coefficients. Using data of US, Germany, Canada, New Zealand, UK, France, Italy, Spain and Australia, we find that: (i) the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty substantially varies over time; (ii) there is strong support for the existence of abrupt changes in the US inflation–inflation uncertainty relationship; (iii) our empirical results of Canada and New Zealand show that the correlation between inflation and inflation uncertainty has been much weaker since early 1990s, which coincides with the timing of the implementation of inflation targeting.     

农牧户生计资本对农畜产品销售渠道选择影响研究

[目的]优化农畜产品销售渠道,提高农牧民收入,是乡村振兴战略不可或缺的实施路径。文章通过对内蒙古农牧户生计资本进行测算与分析,探究不同生计类型农牧户生计资本与其农畜产品销售渠道选择间的互馈关系,精准识别不同类型农牧户选择销售渠道的影响因素,旨在优化民族地区乡村农畜产品流通渠道,助力民族地区乡村振兴。[方法]文章基于可持续生计理论(DFID),以微观农牧户视角,从自然资本、人力资本、物质资本、金融资本、社会资本5个维度,运用农牧户生计量化法和模糊层次分析法(FAHP)、Multivariate Logistic模型、多元线性回归实证研究。[结果](1)不同类型农牧户生计资本存量具有显著差异,生计资本由高到低排序为:半农半牧户纯农户纯牧户;(2)农牧户对农畜产品销售渠道选择比例由高到低排序为:中间商、批发市场、零售市场、合作社、订单销售、超市直供,传统卖给中间商依然是内蒙古地区农畜产品流通渠道的主要模式,且不同销售渠道之间存在互补与竞争关系;(3)农牧户生计资本对其选择销售渠道具有显著影响,影响力由高到低排序为:人力资本自然资本金融资本社会资本物质资本;(4)不同维度生计资本对不同类型农牧户的农畜产品销售渠道的选择影响程度具有显著差异,影响农牧户选择销售渠道的首要因子是人力资本,影响牧户选择的首要因子是金融资本,影响半农半牧户选择的首要因子是社会资本与人力资本。[结论]该文提出基于农牧户生计资本视角的民族地区乡村农畜产品销售渠道优化对策与建议,一定程度上破解了不同类型农牧户在农畜产品销售渠道选择时遇到的困境。     

Auditor Experience and the Timeliness of Litigation Loss Contingency Disclosures*

This paper hypothesizes and finds that firms audited by city‐industry specialists have more timely disclosures of contingent losses from litigation when there is no news coverage relating to the legal case prior to management disclosures. A closer examination reveals that this result is explained by the specialist auditors’ prior experience auditing clients in the same office and industry who are involved with litigation. In our setting, disclosures of litigation‐related contingent losses, we identify two kinds of knowledge generated from experience: industry knowledge and litigation knowledge. Industry knowledge helps auditors detect and correct poor implementation of guidance for litigation loss contingency disclosures. Auditors gain litigation knowledge from auditing clients in a given office and industry with previous involvement as defendants. Thus, the two types of knowledge interact in their effects on reporting outcomes.     

创新方法应用影响因素研究评述与展望

在澄清创新方法概念的基础上,通过筛选研究文献,应用CiteSpace Ⅲ分析了国外创新方法研究的总体特征与规律、学科分布、热点主题及演化脉络,着重剖析了创新方法的前因影响变量与结果变量,结合科技接受理论,构建了以创新者信任与感知为创新方法中介变量的作用机制模型。最后结合研究不足,提出未来研究展望。     

The Effects of Industrial Policy Support on IPO Performance: Evidence from Listed Enterprises of the Chinese SMEs Board

This study examines the effects of industrial policy support on the initial public offering performance of listed enterprises on the Chinese small and medium‐sized enterprises board. We observe that industrial policy support has a positive effect on IPO performance. In addition, we provide evidence that after the financial crisis, the decrease of IPO underpricing resulting from policy support implemented three months before firms going public is less than that deriving from the policy support issued six months prior to listing, whereas the effect of industrial policy support on post‐IPO operating performance has increased after the financial crisis.     

中华老字号非遗技艺基本特征

中华老字号非遗技艺具有重要的历史文化价值、科学价值和市场价值,对于老字号非遗的认识应该运用历时性与共时性的方法,重视其自然和谐与实用理性的基本特征。老字号非遗技艺的制作理念反映出不违物性、崇尚自然的特点,老字号非遗技艺制作过程中具有自然选材、环境友好等原则。     

The influence of risk preferences,knowledge, land consolidation,and landscape diversification on pesticide use

Researchers have spent substantial effort to identify factors influencing pesticide use intensity. However, few studies have compared the relative importance of these factors. This study examines four categories of factors that potentially influence farmers’ pesticide use decisions by evaluating incentivized experiment data, farm survey data, and remote sensing data in China. Our results suggest that land diversification has the largest effect on farmers’ pesticide use. Compared with the most rice-intensive landscape type, less rice-intensive systems cause farmers to spray less on middle rice. Heavy pesticide use intensity is associated with land fragmentation as small-scale farms still dominate crop production. Farmers’ integrated pest management knowledge has significant effects on pesticide use. We also find that loss and ambiguity preferences, rather than risk preferences, are more likely to affect pesticide use intensity.